Heres a brief overview of how the quran was compiled during the lifetime of the. Uthmans team which again included zaid bin thabit compiled a quran into one book known as a mushaf from the word for page, sahifa based on first hand manuscripts along with the memories of the best quran reciters of madinah. The story of the quran all parts the religion of islam. Jan 28, 2011 umar rejected the quran compiled by alias and this fact is found in history books. Dec 20, 2007 the very first revelation of the holy quran took place on the 15 th night of ramadhan in the year 610 ad. The holy quran was not sent down in a day or a two, the complete book of was revealed to mankind slowly and gradually in 23 years. The quran, according to muslim belief, is a book of revelations from god. It contains a lot of brief, yet informative articles about different aspects of islam. The quran was compiled,codified and made into a book just like now, was at the time of khalifah ustman bin affan the third khalifah after muhammad pbuh passed way during muhammad era each sura and each verse has been written by his sahaba under the supervision of himself and there were many sahabas who could remember orally and recited it again and again. And indeed it is, in the mother of the book with us, exalted and full of wisdom. The quran complied by ali was along with the correct intepetrations tafseer and descriptions about the shaane nuzool of the ayats. Were each books teachings consistent with church practice and tradition. Today, it exists in the form of a book, but all the 114 chapters of the quran were not revealed at one time. Khalifa umar bin alkhattab islamic actions and social mandates.
After his death, the caliphate went down to omar bin khattab and he became the custodian of the volume. However, the word has specifically come to mean the quran revealed to prophet muhammad. The quran is about as long as the christian new testament. Muhammads companions memorized fragments of the quran and wrote them down on whatever was at hand, which were later compiled into book form under the rule of the third caliph, uthman, some years after muhammads death. Oct 10, 2019 the quran is the final book of allah revealed to prophet muhammad pbuh. Apr 19, 2011 the quran, islams holy book, was revealed 1400 years ago to prophet muhammad p, who could neither read nor write. In the absence ot an authentic text, there was also the danger that some unscrupulous persons might add to or vary the text to suit their interests. Give an account of how the quran was compiled in the years. The quran is the foundational book of muslims and, in fact, of the arabic language. When their task got completed and the holy quran was compiled into a book, it was handed down to the caliph abu bakr. Elaborate rules were framed, canons were devised to distinguish the true from the false traditions in accordance with clear principles. Quran does not mean kitab yusuf estes and the quran. Was each book already in general use by the church, and accepted as the divine word of god.
The book that consists entirely of the words claimed by the prophet to be the words of god as revealed to him. Aboo bakr assiddeeq, the first caliph, placed zayd ibn thaabit may allah be pleased with them both in charge of compiling the scattered writings of the quran into one mushaf, as the era of divine revelation had just ended, and the quran could not have been compiled into one book while it was still coming down. Soon islam started to spread into the nonarab world. Musialamah was a man from the tribe of banu hanif who claimed prophethood during the time of prophet muhammad pbuh. The quran is compiled into one book of 114 chapters within 604 pages. Therefore, it should 1 be treated as a book and 2 as the only book carrying allahs stamp of approval of being doubtfree. How the quran was revealed and compiled hamza yusuf foundations of islam series. May be this was the reason umar rejecting the quran compiled by alias. Its content is the wisdom of allah as received and preached by muhammad. So, the initial compilation was started in the life of prophet muhammad pbuh. The reactions of abu bakr and zaid ibn thabit tell us that muhammad had no intentions for the quran to be compiled into a book but to remain in the memories of the reciters.
By the clear book, indeed, we have made it an arabic quran that you might understand. Shortly after muhammads death the quran was compiled into a single book by order of the first caliph, abu bakr, and at the suggestion of his future successor umar. In both old and new testaments, the books included had to be generally viewed as the work of divinely inspired writers who faithfully converted gods word into written form. The traditions of islam state that four men knew the quran quryan during muhammads lifetime in its entirety, one of whom was zaid ibn thabit sahih albukhari, vol. After the death of the holy prophet, the position had changed, and unless the holy quran was compiled, there was the danger that the quran might be lost. At this time the holy prophet saw had reached the age of 40. When was the holy quran written, compiled and punctuated. Mohammad shafi based on lectures given at the dar al islam teachers institutes some definitions alquran. However, at this stage, the quran was not compiled into a single book, comparatively was available in separate sheepskin and was memorized in its integrity by several companions of prophet muhammad saw.
The quran is the final book of allah revealed to prophet muhammad pbuh. Readers can find a range of themes in these chapters. The companions of prophet muhammad served in transferring the islamic holy book to future generations. The scribe zaid was charged with the job of locating all the parts and compiling them into one volume. Quran was revealed in bits and pieces in 23 years and was compiled in the form of a book after the death of prophet muhammad pbuh. A brief introduction to the quran, the holy book of islam.
The quran is a manuscript that was revealed to the holy prophet by angel jibrael and since the holy prophet could not read or write,so, whenever a revelation came to him. The quran was first compiled during the caliphate of abu bakr assiddiq ra. This mushaf was then compared with the copy that abu bakr commissioned, to make sure there were no discrepancies. The quran the scripture of islam by william cambell. The hadith how it was collected and compiled by dr. Have the verses of the holy quran been compiled and gathered. The quran as it is known in the present, was first compiled into book format by zayd ibn thabit and other scribes under the first caliph abu bakr siddique and then recompiled at the time of the third caliph uthman ibn affan for standardization as the islamic empire had extended to farflung areas resulting in differing recitation of the quran. Finally a collection of the holy quran was made into a single volume. It, therefore, wasnt sent down in a book form as we have it today. Mohammad shafi introduction quran means reading or recitation. Hence, uthman bin affan ra took matters into his own hands and appointed his.
Thus, within 20 years of muhammads death, the quran was. The authentic traditions were very carefully and painstakingly sifted from the weak traditions and then these were compiled in bookform. The quran is divided into chapters called surah and verses ayat of differing length and topics. The history and compilation of the holy quran minhajulquran. See sahih bukhari book 6, volume 60 hadith 201 look at the quran you hold in your hands. Some years after the prophet muhammads death, the verses of the quran were compiled into a written text, arranged in 114 surahs, generally in decreasing order of length, with each surah representing a chapter or division of the book. The leading muslim scholars of the 7th century compiled the quran into a book following the prophet muhammeds death in 632. Hafsa, muhammads widow and umars daughter, was entrusted with that quranic text after the second caliph, umar, died. People like ayatollah khoei, allama jafar murtada alamili and others believe that indeed, the holy quran was compiled in book form during the time of rasulullah sawa. Besides, we have quoted in this page many verses of quran that clearly indicate that quarn that we have in our hands today is same quran that was written by scribes on same common paper and was arranged in order, and compiled in a book form under the supervision of prophet.
The origin of the quran we hold in our hands today. For many years it had become his practice to visit a small cave in mount hira, situated around 3 miles from the city of makkah. After the opening chapter, the quran states categorically that this is a book in which there is no doubt 2. The quran also romanized quran or koran, is the central religious text of.
Once vowel sounds of the arabic language are inserted into the root word they. According to muslim belief and islamic scholarly accounts, the revelation of the quran began in 610 ad when the angel gabriel arabic. This website is for people of various faiths who seek to understand islam and muslims. For convenience of reading the book in a month, it is divided into 30 equal parts each called a juz, and. The entire book may be divided into 30 parts of around 20 pages each. They were sent bit by bit, according to circumstances, over a period of 23 years.
A committee of early muslim scribes was tasked with making transcripts of the original copy and ensuring the sequence of the chapters surahs. Although he himself was a hafiz of the quran, he always tried to find a written verse before adding it to his manuscript in order to check and ensure authenticity of the verse. The quran was compiled into a book in the time of the first caliph, abu bakr the journey of the quran, which began to be revealed to prophet muhammad during the month of ramadan in 610, in its original form to the present day is a characteristic that none of the previous sacred books have. When muhammed was alive, there was no reason to have a holy book, as.
The holy quran is the most widely read book in the history of. Aug 30, 2018 the first step was to borrow the original, compiled copy of the quran from hafsah. One such copy is currently at the museum in tashkent and a facsimile of it, produced in 1905, is available in the columbia university library. It is also divided into sections juz as a 30day reading schedule for ramadan. History of compilation of the holy quran islamicfinder. Umar rejected the quran compiled by hazrat ali umar. When we just say the prophet, we mean the prophet muhammad.
Complete quran was compiled in book form by prophet mohammad pbuh. The holy quran went through three stages of compilation. It was during the battle of yamama when a large number of huffaz were killed fighting musailamah the liar, the quran was compiled in detail. If he really was illiterate, was the message he received a written document, in. One copy of the book which was called umm mother or imam master was. Nov 27, 2017 however, at this stage, the quran was not compiled into a single book, comparatively was available in separate sheepskin and was memorized in its integrity by several companions of prophet muhammad saw. Eventually, several copies of the quran were compiled in book form and distributed to the major muslim cities. Once the primary recipient of the quran quryan had passed away, however, it was only logical that a collection should be made of the whole quran quryan into a single text. The first step was to borrow the original, compiled copy of the quran from hafsah. A true muslim always trust hundred percent authenticity of quran, as allah is guardian of quran 15. It may also be divided into 60 or 240 smaller parts.